View article

Networks not employing destination-side source address validation (DSAV) expose themselves to a class of pernicious attacks which could be prevented by filtering inbound traffic purporting to originate from within the network. In this work, we survey the pervasiveness of networks vulnerable to infiltration using spoofed addresses internal to the network. We issue recursive Domain Name System (DNS) queries to a large set of known DNS servers world-wide using various spoofed-source addresses. In late 2019, we found that 49% of the autonomous systems we tested lacked DSAV. After a large-scale notification campaign run in late 2020, we repeated our measurements in early 2021 and found that 44% of ASes lacked DSAV—though importantly, as this is an observational study, we cannot conclude causality. As case studies illustrating the dangers of a lack of DSAV, we measure susceptibility of DNS resolvers to …