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BACKGROUND

Voice-driven local business search (VDLBS) is an increas ingly popular application of speech recognition to mobile telephony services. With VDLBS, a user provides a desired location (eg, city/state) and a business name. The most com mon traditional Voice-driven search is a 411-style automated directory assistance, implemented as a speech-only, two-ex change dialog between the user and an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. An exemplary 411-style Voice driven search dialog is conducted as follows: the ASR system first prompts a user to speak a location as a city and state; next, the user provides the requested city and state information; the ASR system then prompts the user for a listing input; the user provides the requested listing information; and finally, the system provides one or more matching listings. In traditional Voice-driven search, Such as in the foregoing example, the ASR …